GLOSSARY MYOB ACCOUNTING RIGHT V 2013
A
account Something to which transactions are assigned. Accounts in AccountRight are in one of eight classifications:- Asset
- Liability
- Equity
- Income
- Cost of sales
- Expense
- Other income
- Other expense
account classification One of the eight accounts groups in the Accounts List: Assets, Liabilities, Equity, Income, Cost of Sales, Expense, Other Income, Other Expense.
account number The account number identifies an account. Each AccountRight account must have a unique number.
accounting period A part of your financial year. AccountRight treats each calendar month as a separate accounting period.
accounts list Commonly referred to as a chart of accounts, this is a list of all your asset, liability, equity, income, cost of sales and expense, other income and other expense accounts.
accounts receivable What your customers owe you. The sum of all
accounts receivable is recorded as an asset account. Any time you record a sale in the Sales command centre, the unpaid balance of the sale is added to your accounts receivable balance. Every time you enter a customer payment (using the Sales command centre), the amount is subtracted from your accounts receivable balance.
accrual method (basis) This is a method of accounting which records sales at the time they’re delivered, not at the time they’re paid for. This is the opposite of the cash method of accounting.
accrued expenses These are expenses for goods or services received but not yet paid.
administrator A role you can assign to a user, that gives them access to the entire company file. The Administrator ID is created automatically upon creation of the company file. A user with an administrator role can create other company file users.
ageing: receivables The number of days between invoicing a customer and an ageing date (usually today).
allocation accounts In AccountRight, when writing a cheque or recording a payment, the allocation accounts are the expense, income, etc. accounts that balance the transaction.
assets Assets are things you own. Your bank account is an asset. So is your computer. If someone owes you money, the total owed to you is an asset. Current assets are assets that can be turned into cash within a relatively short period of time (less than a year). Things that take longer to turn into cash, like your factory building, are called fixed assets. Assets normally have a debit balance.
associated account An account that is used to match your bank feed transactions to transactions in AccountRight.
B
bad debt Money owed to you that is unlikely to be paid. Many businesses create a contra‐asset account to approximate the value of their bad debt. That way, they have a clearer picture of the actual value of their assets.balance The sum of all the money added to and subtracted from an account.
bank feed The list of transactions recorded by your financial institution for your bank or credit card account, which can be brought directly into AccountRight. To set up a bank feed, you first need to specify your account details, and then authorise BankLink (who manage bank feeds) to set up a connection to your bank.
BankLink AccountRight banks feeds are securely managed through the BankLink service. BankLink supplies the technology used to bring bank feeds into your AccountRight software.
balance sheet The balance sheet is a financial snapshot of a company’s position at a particular time. A balance sheet lists the company’s asset, liability and equity accounts. It is called a balance sheet because the total value of the asset accounts minus the total value of the liability accounts always equals the total of the equity accounts.
bill The record of a supplier’s invoice.
budgets Expected monthly net activity for an account. Budgets are useful for planning for the future and for analysing actual performance against planned performance.
Business Insights Use the Business Insights window to analyse key financial information using a range of interactive tables and graphs. You can use it to analyse your accounts, profit and loss, the money that you owe suppliers and the money that customers owe you.
C
cash drawer Where the money is kept between leaving the customers’ hands and being deposited in the bank. Many businesses set up their cash drawer as a bank account.cash method (basis) The opposite of the accrual method of accounting. The cash method records the sale of goods and services at the time they’re paid for, not when they’re delivered.
checking out See working offline (checking out).
cleared A withdrawal or deposit is cleared when your bank adjusts your account balance for it.
closed period An accounting period in which all entries are completed. AccountRight does not require that you actively close a period. However, in Preferences you can prevent accidental posting to a closed (locked) period.
closed sales Sales that have been paid in full.
company file users Those who have access to the AccountRight company file. When you set them up, you specify their User ID and password, which they need to use to sign on to the company file each time they open it. You also assign them a user role, which determines which areas of AccountRight they can access, and what tasks they can perform. You can only set up company files users if you are a company file Administrator. See also user role and online user.
company information Found in AccountRight’s Setup menu, your company information contains your company’s name, address, tax information and information about your company’s financial year.
contra account This is an account that normally carries the opposite balance of the accounts of the same type. Assets, for example, normally have a debit balance; a common contra‐asset account is the accrued depreciation of an asset. By using a contra account, you can show a company a car that’s worth $12,000, by listing the asset at its $15,000 purchase price followed by the ‐$3,000 balance of the accrued depreciation account.
conversion month The conversion month is the earliest month in the financial year for which transactions are to be recorded. For example, suppose you purchase your AccountRight software in October but want to record transactions dated from 1 September. In this case, your
conversion month is September. The conversion month determines the opening balances you will enter when you set up your company file. cost of sales Sometimes called cost of goods sold, this account type works just like an expense account. The only difference is where it appears on the profit & loss statement. Cost of Sales accounts appear after your income accounts but before your expense accounts. Cost of Sales is subtracted from your income to produce gross profit. Your expenses are subtracted from your gross profit to produce net profit. You are not required to use Cost of Sales accounts.
credit amount Appears on the right side of the ledger (a debit amount occupies the left side). A credit amount increases the balance of accounts with a credit balance and decreases the balance of accounts with a debit balance. Accounts that normally carry a credit balance are liability, equity and income accounts.
credit invoice A credit invoice is a sale with a negative AccountRight balance due. Usually caused by a return or adjustment, a credit invoice is settled by writing a refund cheque or applying the amount to another open invoice.
credit terms Terms are the agreed upon rules governing the number of days between delivery and payment discounts for early payment and penalties. You can set default terms for all customers.
current assets Assets that can be turned into cash within a relatively short time (less than a year) are called current assets. Some of your current assets are your bank accounts, accounts receivable and petty
cash. Current assets usually do not lose their value over time. Current assets normally have a debit balance.
current liabilities Liabilities that become payable within the next year are called current liabilities. When recording a liability that is to be paid over a long period, many accountants split it into two liabilities. The part that is to be paid off within the next year is entered as a
current liability; the remaining part is entered as a long‐term liability.
current year earnings Current year earnings is an equity account. Its balance equals your income minus cost of sales and expenses. Current year earnings are zero at the beginning of a financial year. Current year earnings are kept as a running total as the financial year progresses. When you start a new financial year, current year earnings are reset to zero when its balance is moved into the account called Retained Earnings.
customer Someone to whom you sell goods or services. In AccountRight, you must enter a customer card before you record a sale.
D
debit Appears on the left side of the ledger (the credit amount occupies the right side); a debit amount increases the balance of accounts with a debit balance and decreases the balance of accounts with a credit balance. Accounts that normally carry a debit balance are assets and expense accounts.debtors A debtor is someone who owes you money. See also accounts receivable.
deposits from customers Advances received for goods or services not yet delivered. Customer deposits are kept in a liability account.
depreciation The expense allocation of the cost of an asset over a period of time. Most accountants create a contra‐asset account to track the depreciation of an asset. See also contra account. A typical
depreciation transaction credits the contra asset account and debits a
depreciation expense account. Depreciation is most often recorded as a general journal entry.
detail accounts An AccountRight account to which transactions can be assigned.
discount early payment The amount taken off the balance due in return for payment within an agreed number of days.
discount days Discount days are the number of days from a sale within which full payment of the balance due entitles the payee to a discount.
double‐entry accounting A method of bookkeeping in which every entry is balanced by another entry. Correct double‐entry accounting always provides a balanced set of books; that is, the total value of your asset accounts minus the total of your liability accounts will equal the total of your equity accounts.
E
earnings Income minus cost of sales and expenses. See also current year earnings.electronic payment A payment that directly debits or credits your bank. For example, you can choose to pay a supplier electronically by setting up electronic payment details in the supplier card.
equity This is a company’s net worth. The equity of a company equals its assets minus its liabilities. Equity is an account type in AccountRight.
Equity accounts usually carry a credit balance. Some common equity accounts are current year earnings, retained earnings and shareholder’s equity.
expense A cost associated with running a business. Expense is an account type in AccountRight. Expense accounts usually carry a debit balance.
F
finance charge The amount added to an outstanding balance as a penalty for late payment.financial statements The balance sheet and income (profit & loss) statement. The balance sheet is your company’s financial picture at a particular time. The income statement shows your company’s financial performance over a period of time.
financial year The 12‐month period you use to define your accounting year. Your AccountRight software does not require that it match the calendar year.
fixed assets Fixed assets are assets that have a relatively long life. Your buildings, cars and computers are fixed assets. Fixed assets are usually depreciated; that is, they lose some of their value as you use them.
G
general journal A journal used to record miscellaneous transactions not entered in other journals, for example, year‐end adjustments and depreciation expense.general ledger This is where all your account information—sales, cash in, cash out—come together. You draw your financial statements (balance sheet and income statement) from the general ledger.
gross profit Gross profit is your income minus cost of sales.
H
header account A header account in AccountRight is used to group similar detail accounts. You cannot post a transaction to a header account.historical balance The balance of an account prior to converting your records to AccountRight. You are not required to enter historical balances in AccountRight. Enter them only if you wish to compare a current month’s activity to the activity for the same month last year.
I
identifiers A one‐letter code used to sort and select cards in the card file. You can assign up to 26 identifiers to a card.income Revenue from the sale of goods or services. Income is an account type in AccountRight. Income accounts usually carry a credit balance.
income statement Also called a profit & loss statement, the income statement shows your company’s performance over a period of time. An income statement begins with income. It then subtracts cost of sales to produce a gross profit. Expenses are subtracted from gross profit to produce operating profit. ‘Other income’ accounts are added to operating profit and ‘other expense’ accounts are subtracted from operating profit to produce net profit.
invoice The written record of a sale.
invoice rules Rules that you set up to automatically handle bank feed transactions. Based on the rule conditions that you specify, AccountRight will match the bank feed transaction to the an existing open invoice. Rules are useful for transactions that occur regularly. See also transaction rules.
item A unit in your items list. An item can be physical inventory, like a widget or a pair of shoes, or it can be non‐physical, like an hour of your time.
J
job A job is work for which you wish to track income and expenses. In AccountRight, a job can be a profit centre, a product line, a project or any other subset of your business that requires a separate income statement.journal A journal is a tool for organising your accounting entries. All entries are grouped into one of four journals: general, disbursements, receipts and sales.
Journal Security Audit A report which lists the changes made to transaction dates, accounts and amounts, and also lists all transaction reversals and deletions made within a specified date range.
L
liability Liabilities are things you owe. Your working capital loan is a liability. Liabilities that are due within the next year are called current liabilities. When a liability is not due for more than a year, it is called a long‐term liability. Liabilities normally have a credit balance.library The location on your computer or a network computer where AccountRight company files are stored. If you do not store your company file online, it must be saved to either My Library (a folder automatically created when you install AccountRight) or the Network Library (a library located on another computer in your network).
line item The information entered in one row of the scrolling list for a transaction (sale, nominal journal entry).
linked account Linked accounts are what AccountRight uses to post your sales and banking transactions to the proper account. When, for example, you link your receivables account, you are telling AccountRight which account to post the balance due from a sale to.
long‐term liability Something you owe that does not have to be paid for at least a year.
M
miscellaneous sales Used in AccountRight to record non‐item sales that do not require a printed invoice.N
net income Net income (net profit or loss) is the total of all income accounts minus the sum of your expense and cost of sales accounts.net profit The total of all income accounts minus the sum of your expense and cost of sales accounts. Also called net income.
Number of Days after EOM A setting to indicate that the payment due date and early payment discount date are based on a set number of days after the end of the month.
O
online company file If you are subscribed to AccountRight Live, you can store your company file online, so that you, your accountant andother authorised users can access the file online, using any computer that has AccountRight installed.
online user Those who have access to online company files. They may be set up as an online file user or an online administrator. To be able to work on the files, online users also need to be set up as company file users; their user role will determine what tasks they can perform. See also company file users and user role.
open sale A sale with an outstanding balance due.
opening balance The balance of an account as at the start of the first day of your conversion month.
other expenses An account type used to record expenses that are not directly related to your company’s operations, such as loan interest, fines, etc. ‘Other expense’ accounts usually have a debit balance.
other income An account type used to record income that is not directly related to your company’s operations, such as interest income. ‘Other income’ accounts usually have a credit balance.
out of balance When the total credit amount does not equal the total debit amount in a transaction, it is out of balance. AccountRight does not allow you to record an out‐of‐balance transaction.
P
profit & loss statement See income statement.profit centre A subset of your business for which you want to track income and expenses. In AccountRight profit centres are called ‘jobs’.
promised date The date a pending sale is due to be delivered.
R
recap transaction A function that lets you look at a journal entry before it is recorded. Recap transaction is particularly useful for those transactions, like invoices, for which the journal entry is not immediately obvious.receivables What someone else owes you for items or services delivered. See accounts receivable.
reconciling The process of checking that your records agree with your bank’s records.
recurring transaction An accounting entry that is made periodically, such as monthly rent, etc.
restoring The process of reopening a backup company file.
retained earnings Money from previous years’ earnings that has been left in the company. At the end of a financial year any money earned (or lost) during the financial year is transferred to retained earnings. Retained earnings are recorded in an equity account.
revenue Income from the sale of goods or services. Revenue is
recorded in an income account in AccountRight. Income accounts usually carry a credit balance.
role A set of windows and functions that a user can access in the company file. The Administrator role is assigned to users who require full access to the company file.
S
settle a credit invoice When someone returns something, and you record an invoice that has a negative balance due, it is called a credit invoice. Paying off this negative amount is called settling a credit invoice.Session Security Audit A report that helps you keep track of each user's activity, such as the date and time that a user signs on to the company file and sign off.
supplier Someone from whom you buy goods or services.
synchronisation The process by which changes that you or other users make in your online company file are downloaded to a copy of the file stored on your computer (referred to as the ‘offline’ copy of your file). Your offline company file will be synchronised automatically every 20 minutes, while the company file is open. You can also manually synchronise your file.
T
terms Terms are the agreed upon rules governing the number of days between delivery and payment, discounts for early payment and penalties for late payment.transaction An entry in AccountRight that affects the balance of accounts.
transaction rules Rules that you set up to automatically handle bank feed transactions. Based on the rule conditions that you specify, AccountRight will create a new transaction corresponding to the bank feed transaction, and then match the two. Rules are useful for
transactions that occur regularly. See also invoice rules.
trial balance This is a report showing all the activity for an account or accounts within a selected date range. It shows the balance of the account at the beginning of the date range, the activity within the date range, and the balance at the end of the date range. A trial balance is useful for checking your entries prior to doing your period‐end processing.
U
undeposited funds account The linked account into which individual cash‐receipts transactions are recorded when not credited directly to cheque or credit card accounts. Amounts from individual transactions in the undeposited funds account are grouped together. When deposited, they are recorded as a single bank deposit transaction on the bank or credit card statement.user role A role is a predefined profile that determines what windows a user can access and what tasks they can perform in a company file. For example, a user assigned the ‘sales’ role can access features in the Sales, Time Billing and Card File command centres, and other sales related areas, such as lists. A user can be assigned more than one role. See also company file users and online user.
W
working offline (checking out) If you are set up as an online administrator, You can choose to work offline with your online company file. Working offline means that you will be checking out the file to your computer—this locks the online file from being modified by others, although they can still view the file. Once you are done with your work, you can check in the changes.Z
zoom arrow An icon that allows a user to review, or ‘zoom to’ more detailed information about a specific topic, such as a transaction.
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